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Saturday, December 29, 2012

I'm missing something about contragredient transformations and portfolio return

This entry probably just indicates that I am missing something obvious about portfolio return.
The instantaneous return γπt on a portfolio with weights π decomposes as γπt=dZtZt=πtγt+12(πtdiag(ξξT)portfolio varianceπTtξξTπt)excess return process where γit is the drift of log(Xit), the log of the i'th asset and the i'th row of ξ represents the factor decomposition of the diffusion into n independent Brownian motions comprising a vector dWt. d(log(Xit))=γitdt+ξdWt Consider the map taking vectors xy=exp(Clog(x)) and thereby defining a new asset vector Yt. That is, Yt is related to Xt by a simple matrix multiplication in log coordinates.
We consider portfolios of the new assets Yi with weights ϖi say. And again, the portfolio return is related to the asset return via dZϖZϖ=ϖdYtYt where the fractions indicate coordinate-wise (i.e. pointwise) division. Let us suppose further that any instantaneous portfolio return using assets {Xi} can be replicated by a portfolio using assets {Yi} only, and vice versa. ϖdYtYt=dZϖZϖ=dZπZπ=πdXtXt
By a slightly heavy handed application of the multivariate Ito's Lemma (hey it's good to have it lying around) with g(x)=Cx we have d(logYt)=gtdt+(g)d(log(Xt))+12(d(logXt))(2g)(d(logXt))=0+Cd(log(Xt))+0=Cγdt+CξdWt so writing the decomposition of portfolio return with Cγ in place of γ and Cξ in place of ξ we observe dZϖtZϖt=ϖtCγt+12(ϖtdiag(CξξC)ϖtCξξCϖt)=πtγt+12(πt(C1)diag(CξξC)πtξξπt) if we use contragredient weights ϖt=(C)1πt. But does the contragredient choice actually result in the same drift? The linear and portfolio variance terms are the same, but on the other hand πt(C1)diag(CξξC)πtdiag(ξξ)



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